Corporate Volkswagen Emission Scandal

Question: Examine about the Corporate Volkswagen Emission Scandal. Answer: Presentation: In September 2015, Volkswagen was affirmed by the Environmental Protection Agency of escaping US discharge tests. It was seen by EPA that the organization had deliberately sorted out TDI (Turbocharged Direct Injection) diesel motors, so as to start explicit discharge tests just during emanations assessment in research centers. The organization had provisioned around 4.8 billion for cost renewal that was expected to review autos with cheat gadgets in millions. Eventually, the organization experienced lost 2.5bn in October 2015. Besides, as the organization used the annihilation gadget on its four-lakh vehicles to swindle emanation tests, EPA likewise forced a colossal punishment of $37500 per vehicle for repudiation of guidelines (Spence, 2015). This prompted the decay of the companys stock by 20%, along with the renunciation of the companys CEO. Because of the embarrassment, VW turned into the vulnerable objective of the controllers in different nations. The stock cost plunged mutipl e/third as the organization needs to declare a quarterly loss of 2.5 billion. The negative impacts outperformed the very reasoning. The consciousness of the outrage raised solid worries over contamination being discharged from the vehicles and scrutinized the moral legitimacy. Moral issues The embarrassment of Volkswagen can be assessed as a business morals case and can be supposed to be a trickery or an issue as far as maintainability. It is even an instance of authority, corporate administration, culture, and so on. In particular, it is an issue of CSR in light of the fact that the social obligation of the organization that includes client and open, controllers control, the duty of the earth like contamination, measures of discharge and monetary duty like fall in the value esteem, fall in the estimation of stocks, and so on (Jonsson et. al, 2009). The main moral issue emerging from the Volkswagen case isn't just the negligence of EPA laws and guidelines yet in addition the development of a gadget to dispose of them viably. Besides, the organization didn't find a way to control the gigantic measures of nitrogen oxides that were discharged by its vehicles into the earth (Nelson, 2016). Moreover, this deliberate outrage unquestionably conflicts with their own benefits o f building up a greener vehicle. Last, yet not the least, the significant partners of the organization was additionally seriously influenced because of such outrage. These incorporate investors, workers, the executives, vehicle proprietors, and the diesel business all in all (Suddaby Greenwood, 2005). These issues unmistakably recommend that Volkswagen contradicted the standards of morals, which was at first affirmed by the organization itself. In any case, it neglected to do as such, in this way disturbing the smooth execution inside the organization by pulling in corrective arrangements and firing manager worker relationship overall (Volkswagen, 2015). Standards, Principles, and Values There are different standards, standards, and qualities applicable to the embarrassment. Right off the bat is equity wherein the organization swindled the buyers since they paid a premium for vehicles, which let out less emanations. Be that as it may, it ended up being the inverse as discharges were multiple times more. Also is the obligation factor, which expresses that in spite of owing a critical duty towards the general public and nature, the organization didn't find a way to satisfy its obligations (Das, 2013). Thirdly is the self-rule factor wherein the makers of the gadget were unfit to settle on self-moral choices because of extraordinary weights from the administration. Last is value wherein the organization just gave due need to itself and didn't offer assistance or bit of leeway to its shoppers (Klinger, 2016). Partners and their interests Numerous partners like clients, accomplices, society, and the capital market were adversely impacted by the Volkswagen outrage. The shoppers were deceived due to the discolored brand picture of the organization that ended up being a significant trick. The quick effects of the outrage could be effectively recognizable when the organization shares deteriorated by 33% (Freeman Harrison, 2010). Subsequently, corresponding to financial specialists and investors, this was a key misfortune for them since they had declared extraordinary trust, immense assets, and expectations into the organization, accordingly clearing a path for the loss of certainty and slants of these partners (Fracarolli Lee, 2016). Likewise, partners like workers, providers, and colleagues of the organization altogether offer need to wellbeing, salary, consumer loyalty, and impartial chances (Ballou et. al, 2006). Indeed, even these worries were affected due to the vulnerability with respect to the companys execution. T he worries of society that incorporates city specialists, law composers and so forth have likewise been seen to agree as far as atmosphere, condition protecting, and vehicle wellbeing (Klinger, 2016). In this way, the worries of every one of these partners have been exceptionally put in question by the embarrassment. Explanation for the outrage As indicated by different investigations, when the organization guaranteed open of another diesel line vehicle that is eco-friendly, green, and would offer better execution, it had little information on what will occur later on (DeVilliers Van, 2011). It contributed billions of euros to grow such an innovation, that would beat different contenders, yet sooner it began confronting different challenges. Along the way, delays began occurring in the improvement of such innovation and the downstream pioneers were unnerved of referencing issues about the undertaking to their supervisors (Fracarolli Lee, 2016). Subsequently, the designers were left with no alternative than to build up a program that could just erroneously finish the assessment for administrative affirmation. In any case, this infers the vehicles were neither in consistence with the law nor it conveyed execution that was showcased by the organization. This expresses the senior heads more likely than not built up a feeling of dread that cleared route for such a fiasco. Subsequently, bookkeeping issues like burden of fine up to $18 billion on the organization, 2.5billion misfortune because of the outrage that prompted the decrease in the organization shares by 20%, decay implied of altruism and trust driving towards demolition of brand picture, and quality and deals in general, and so forth must be experienced by the organization. It doesn't make a difference whether it was purposeful or unexpected in light of the fact that corporate morals is essential for powerful outcomes (Balbir, 2016). CSR (Corporate Sustainability Reporting) The VW outrage features different segments of the upsides of CSR announcing. It proposes that CSR might be exceptionally critical and improving for the organizations. According to the CSR reports since 1990, it has been seen that organizations have been progressively straightforward comparable to human rights, natural practices, and effects. Be that as it may, Volkswagen had neglected to receive such revealing, accordingly driving towards different troubles. The deterioration of the companys shares obviously features the essentialness of CSR detailing by portraying the perils of lying about social characteristics (Nzuve, 2011). In this manner, the organization must acknowledge its obligation regarding which it was subject and announcing is its essential obligation, even it isn't necessary (Elson et. al, 2015). Had it detailed about its exercises through CSR, the situation would have been unique. In this manner, it tends to be reasoned that maintainability revealing must be controlled later on, considering the ongoing corporate embarrassments. The Volkswagen outrage reveals insight that both deliberate CSR measures and government guidelines will be wasteful if the corporate chiefs don't build up huge presumptions about moral direct. As the administration specialists can't have command over the organizations conduct consistently, CSR revealing can distil that certainty that can support general society according to law consistence and more extensive social expectations (Janssen, 2013). Subsequently, the whole thought of CSR must be upgraded, not dismissed. Both the executives report and announcement are basic records joined in the yearly report of an organization. On one hand, the chiefs report gives applicable data about the state of the organization, along with its consistence with a lot of CSR (corporate social obligation), money related, and bookkeeping guidelines, and then again, the executives assertion offers the assessment of the executives in regards to guaranteed consistence under Corporations Regulations, Accounting Standards, and different agreement perspectives of the Group. Chiefs report is pertinent as it helps investors in settling on educated choices in future. They can see if the organization has satisfactory assets and whether it can clear paths for additional extension in future. What's more, as executives assertion is marked as per their goals, they are committed to guarantee that the companys records are exact and sufficient through the presentation of legitimate bookkeeping strategies and controls. Accordingly, i t is required as it sets up trust in the psyches of open that sound approaches and procedures are used inside the organization. The all inclusive bookkeeping condition whenever followed by Virgin Australia Group. The advantages of the business are the assets of the organization and are created from two primary sources. In short resources = liabilities in addition to the value of the proprietors. Proprietor value involves incomes, increases, and commitments short the costs, misfortunes and withdrawals. KPMG review the fiscal summaries of the organization. It gave an assessment that the companys fiscal reports were as per the Corporations Act, 2001 and Australian Accounting Standards, in this way giving a valid and reasonable perspective on its presentation and monetary position. It was additionally opined that the fiscal reports consented to the IFRS necessities. During the year, KPMG likewise offered different administrations

Race Based Jury Nullification Essay

Jury invalidation can by and large be named as the demonstration by a jury who despite the fact that is persuaded that a respondent is blameworthy of the charges the person is blamed for, chooses to give out or absolve the person in question of the charges for the jury’s own reasons (Brandy R. 2006). Jury invalidation or besides can be characterized as a procedure whereby the jury(s) invalidates â€Å"unfair laws by announcing blameworthy litigants not guilty†. Then again race based jury invalidation includes the procedure of a jury absolving an individual dependent on their race. This sort of cases is typically found in homogenous situations where the assorted variety of the jury is nil or practically nothing. Prior cases that incorporate runaway slave laws just as the current day cases like police shootings demonstrate that race based invalidation is as yet a cutting edge court issue. The invalidation procedure as a rule happens if a criminal preliminary chooses not to convict a respondent regardless of full evidence of blame because of the conviction and view by attendants that the law is out of line or at specific occasions that there is an unfairly use of the said law. The premise of the invalidation can be stated, consequently, to be â€Å"the unjustness of the law†, the use of a similar law based on race of a gathering. Moreover there are occurrences where cases that include the in critical condition people in the general public are regularly given mercy by the hearers, when they take medicates because of their condition. The issue regularly isn't just about invalidation as such yet on occasion is based and as such has brought a great deal o banter on its embodiment taking into account the law just as morals. In this paper, I will talk about the issue of race based jury invalidation, its constraints just as its benefits. At long last I will assess the importance of race based jury invalidation in our current day society. Race based jury invalidation Race based jury invalidation includes the procedure of a jury intentionally vindicating a litigant dependent on their race and with the full information that the respondent is liable. There are observational investigations, which have demonstrated that around 3 to 4 percent of jury criminal path have been associated with jury invalidation. The problem that the circumstance presents is overpowering, taking into account that there exists zero chance to stop the procedure of jury invalidation as members of the jury and are never requested or compelled to convict respondents and furthermore there is likewise no statement in law that makes it culpable for the hearer to clear somebody. The overlying rule capacity of the jury is that it should finish the law, if important through the acknowledgment of basics of defense that crosses past the composed traditions that must be adhered to and not to â€Å"nullify† the guidelines given by the appointed authority. The point of convergence of reference when the hearers give the â€Å"not guilty† decision and in the process is the issue of uncalled for nature of the law. Advantages and disadvantages Depending on which side of the discussion you are on, this issue has both the monstrous and the great side. There are different reasons why race based jury invalidation has experienced reactions even by its vigorous supporters. One, the case can be utilized for lion's share cases, that is in occurrences where the jury comprises to a great extent of people from a similar race can successfully clear one of their â€Å"own† (respondent from a similar race). For example, a generally established dark jury would free a dark American even extreme she or he has carried out a serious wrongdoing. In this way taking into account the law, when a hazardous individual is absolved based on their race sets a terrible priority (Jemal, 1997). There are cases when white members of the jury have vindicated individual whites through the procedure of jury invalidation while even with it the said litigants really occupied with a lawlessness that either hurt dark or earthy colored individuals in America. There are additionally cases when dark members of the jury have liberated individual blacks based on their races while they perpetrated either a racial demonstration or an extreme wrongdoing. This has not helped the simply course of the fair treatment, blacks, whites just as different races have occupied with the race based jury invalidation, something that doesn't predict well for rules of the law. The nature with which the democratic is regularly done by the legal hearers is normally that of still, small voice, to a degree this is an absolute insolence if not maltreatment of the laws of this land. At the point when somebody who is as far as anyone knows liable is vindicated, this is commensurate to invalidation of the very law. They should secure and on whose premise the jury even appeared. Jury invalidation can possibly turn an in any case rational and strong society or state into some antagonistic, incomprehensible or even lead to common hardship. This is on the grounds that when genuine acts are submitted, and decisions depend on races, the separate races may pack facing one another. It is by all accounts a thrashing procedure even with the law that ought to be the gatekeeper and defender of all. The regularly end drawn is typically that invalidation is a fundamental piece of intensity, which is basic for the balanced governance of the legal framework. Jury invalidation has and will keep on assuming a double job throughout the entire existence of our nation. There are sure examples in our history that jury invalidation has end up being a helpful device. For example, in those cases that included subjugation or differential indictment at specific occasions let bigot to go unabated. There is the likelihood that over utilization of this force along with other genuine or envisioned dangers that it have would be tremendous if everybody somehow happened to comprehend and know about it. Notwithstanding, its nonappearance would put and vest an excess of intensity with the official and without a doubt every other person comprehends the outcomes of over the top uneven force practiced by the legislature versus the intensity of the regular residents. End Overall, the race based jury invalidation has been, still is and would consistently be a profoundly easily proven wrong point, regardless of whether one underpins it or the person in question is against it. In every single contention set forward by anybody in the general public possibly in support of jury invalidation process, there are solid, legitimate sentiments and realities on the side of the different separate reasons that can't simply be wished away. Having assessed the circumstance, and with a basic examination of the premise of the law of our extraordinary nation, I arrived at a resolution that with due regard the great job the attendants have done as such far, the race based jury invalidation ought not be led or if nothing else cordoned by the members of the jury. This doesn't imply that I am in at any rate restricting or dismissing the entire thought of jury invalidation. Notwithstanding, on the off chance that the component of race turns out to be separated of the entire condition, at that point I firmly require its boycott. As I would see it and comprehension of our history I accept jury invalidation dependent on a defendant’s race doesn't advance solidarity inside networks at any level. Considering the colossal endeavors our nation has made towards an amicable network and with the exertion different characters have placed in instructing and sharpening individuals on how negative race based thoughts has and can be. I accept the entire procedure is oppressive and fundamentally racial to the individuals in our general public. This doesn't in any capacity imply that people ought to be embarrassed about their races and advances the qualities and standards they represent, yet when a litigant is seen as blameworthy or honest based on the law by the members of the jury dependent on their race alone then there is an issue. Either the issue is with the law or our general public yet none of us needs both of these two situations. The reason for any juror’s choice ought to be realities, data just as proof that they get all through the path. Members of the jury preferences be it racial or in any case ought to be left at their entryway ventures before they get into the avenues take off alone the courts. Reference: Liquor Rivera, 2006, Race based jury invalidation. Related Content Cato Books 1999: Jurors Should Know Their Rights: An authentic glance at jury autonomy Jemal, 1997, Race Based Jury Nullification: A Path To Equality! http://www. geocities. com/athens/olympus/1320/invalidation. htm Scheflin, Alan W. , (1999) California Bar Journal, Point Counter Point †Is it ever legitimate for juries to overlook or rethink the law? , Retrieved September 28, 2007 from http://www. calbar. ca. gov/calbar/2cbj/99mar/page14-1. htm

Hitler and the Failed Beer putches Essay Example

Hitler and the Failed Beer putches Essay With the disappointment of the Beer Hall Putsch, Hitler immediately understood, that so as to get total political force, he expected to work calmly inside the Weimar Republic. The Sturmabteilung was a basic piece of his way towards power, however once Hitler became despot with German help, the S.A. was not, at this point filled any need in the new extremist government.The achievement of the upset, residential control, and the one ideological group strategy in Hitlers Fascist autocracy, were all factors that lead to the end of the Sturmabteilung. The warriors of the S.A. were a central point in the achievement of the National Socialist Revolution. In spite of Hitlers confirmation that the S.A. would not rival the Reichswehr Army of the Weimar Republic in Document A1, the quick ascent in Brownshirts and the tremendous size of the S.A. Armed force contrasted with the Reichswehr Army, showed in Document A2, connoted the quality of the National Socialist Revolution. In Document A4 Hitler guaranteed that the single assignment of the S.A. was to guarantee the triumph of the National Socialist Revolution inside Germany. Notwithstanding, Hitlers appreciation towards Roehm is an aftereffect of Roehms capacity to build Hitlers power. When Hitler became Chancellor, the significance of the S.A. decreased. In Document B4, General von Blomberg guaranteed that the Reichswehr Army would back the new national communists state. With the help of the Reichswehr Army, it was not, at this point important to have an isolated S.A. Armed force. As Chancellor, Hitler gradually coordinated the two armed forces by focusing on the significance of unwaveringness by putting the insignia on the garbs of the Reichwehr Army, and permitting the priest of war to call upon the S.A., as appeared in Documents B1 and B2. Hitler, acknowledging he was near acquiring total force, started to solidify different restricting gatherings, for example, Bolshevik Communists and Liberal Capitalists. Despite the f act that the S.A. was not the slightest bit a resistance to Hitler, it was

The Quintessential Guide to Free Essay Samples Database

The Quintessential Guide to Free Essay Samples Database The facets of our study included the subsequent factors. Customized essays are written exclusively to fulfill your requirements. Totally free Immune System essay samples can be found FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. Reading sample essays will allow you to come up with numerous styles that can help you get your message across with clarity and consistency. It's possible to rewrite the on-line text in your words keeping the structure of given text. Accessing a completely free essay database can assist you with that. Thus, a relational database is going to have relation referred to as STUDENT, with tuples that contain information on every STUDENT. Among the biggest essay databases is provided at IVYPanda. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Free Essay Samples Database A lot of samples, undeniable quality, easy access, and lots different advantages are supplied by the platform. Data sharing Which obviously examines the chance of multiple users having the capability to access the data simultaneously Reliability The security of the data in the event of software or hardware malfunction. NET and other relevant technologies, our application is going to be desktop based. You simply have to use our database and get ready to translate your understanding and abilities into brilliant writing. Because of the time zone difference, our crew of professionals is at your disposal at any moment. Most students think that it is the lack of desire to complete assignments that causes the using of writing services. How to Choose Free Essay Samples Database Naturally, totally free samples aren't the only way we can assist you in your academic endeavors. An unbelievable chance to have a free sample of an essay is currently provided by UKEssays. Generally, searching over the net for free essays can be very challenging. You need to have a lot into account when creating a compelling body of work like a college-grade essay. Aside from the true procedure for formulating an essay, there are likewise some requisite steps for the entire essay writing process to be a success. Many essayists face the exact same challenge when it has to do with writing either for academic grading or another intent. Writing an essay isn't a simple job. Once writing an essay isn't as easy as you have thought, you might require excellent assistance and guidance. While writing an essay might be a 20-minute endeavor for a single student, it can become a true challenge for a different. Evidently, the entire essay writing procedure is very time intensive and tedious. When you purchase your essay from us, you can be sure the essay is unique and won't be found elsewhere since we've got a policy of not reselling any of our essays. An essay is significantly more than merely a terrific thesis statement, a couple paragraphs in its entire body and a conclusion. It is not the easiest task to master. On the flip side, a well-written essay can increase the possibility of an ordinary student to become accepted to even the most prestigious schools. An essay is a brief bit of writing, which expresses certain info and the writer's opinion on the problem. Moreover, an excellent comprehension of an essay enables you to use the material fully. To compose an impressive short essay, especially during an examination, you have to be in a position to hit the question and offer a straightforward answer while at the identical time observing the proper structure of an essay. After you have conducted comprehensive research, you are able to start penning your points.

The Mind Of A Serial Killer - 937 Words

In the Mind of a Serial Killer Hearing about a serial killer on the new or by a person bring a lot of attention to us. We want to know all about the killer. What he did? Why did he do? The serial killer becomes into a celebrity like figure. Even though he fears of coming into contact with that person we are still open to hear about them. We physically do not want to come in contact with this person because we fear of being their next victim or become hurt by them. But since we are nowhere near this individual we do not mind hearing and knowing about that individual. It is like a form of protection we create around us. When a serial killer is mentioned to us it is like someone is telling us a scary story and it captivates our complete attention and want to know more. We should not completely distance ourselves from these serial killers. We should understand why they committed those crimes because even serial killer out there has reason for their crimes. A serial killer from Sapucai, B razil, Pedro Rodrigues Filho became known as â€Å"Little Peter the Killer†. He was called that because at only the age of 13 he attempted to committed his first murder. By trying to push his own cousin into a sugar cane press, which he was unsuccessful with. He was born with a damaged because when he was still in his mother womb his father would physically abuse Pedro’s mother. Even after he was born he was physically abused by his father. His first murder was only at the age of 14, where heShow MoreRelatedThe Minds Of Serial Killers Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesTOPIC: The minds of serial killers and why they do what they do. RHETORICAL PURPOSE: Informative SPECIFIC PURPOSE: I want to inform my classmates more about the misconceptions, behaviors and types of serial murderers in the United States THESIS: There are many false information about serial murderers that get passed around but there are common traits and characteristics to help spot who they are and why they do what they do. Introduction I. Attention-getting device: Dennis Rader was a seeminglyRead MoreThe Minds Of Serial Killers1147 Words   |  5 PagesDismembering the remains of the corpse he arranged skin, bone, and blood into a thirty-gallon cask of acid dissolving what remained of the young boy. This is the dark mind of Jeffrey Dahmer, he murdered not in hatred, vengeance, or financial enrichment but on pure impulse and lust. Forensic psychoanalysts have picked apart the minds of serial killers to find answers as to what causes them to carry out such perverse acts. Many believe it is impervious for an innocent adolescent to be born with the capabilityRead MoreThe Role Of Female Serial Killers On The Mind Of A Serial Killer1594 Words   |  7 PagesDelving into the mind of a serial killer can be a dark and twisted place to go, but also very interesting and intriguing at the same time. While the majority of serial killers in history have been men, women have also had their place in this type of crime. Often our first question when we hear the news of a new serial killer, our first question is â€Å"who is he?† But as we will examine through the research for this paper, women can also be geared to not only kill but to do it over and over again. AlthoughRead MoreThe Twisted Mind of a Serial Killer2301 Words   |  10 PagesThe Twisted Mind of a Serial Killer As police walk into an abandoned house, a foul stench overtakes them. The room is dim and looks as though no one has been here for months. They walk further into the house and begin to see spots of blood on the floor. They follow this trail down the stairs into the basement where the smell becomes overwhelming, causing some of the officers to gasp and run back up the stairs. In the basement, they find the remains of several young boys who have been molestedRead MoreInside The Mind Of A Serial Killer852 Words   |  4 PagesThe title of my proposed topic is: Inside The Mind of a Serial Killer. Mental Health services are a great portion of the Health and Human Service arena offering services to groups, individuals, intervention, prevention, inpatient, outpatient, and clinical administering of prescription drugs as well as court required evaluations. Mental health services are vital for understanding violent criminals and the treatment of all mental disorders. There are many Live-in Treatment Facilities to assist individualsRead MoreThe Mind of a Serial Killer Essay2054 Words   |  9 PagesSerial murder is one of the most baffling crimes that occur in the U.S. and all over the world. Knight (2006) defines serial murder as the killing of three or more people over a period of more than 30 days, with a significant cooling-off period. The cooling off period may be weeks, months or even years long. Researchers have proposed various psychological, biological and sociological theories that offer a partial understanding of the nature of serial murder. Some propose that the basis for criminalRead MoreEssay on The Mind of a Serial Killer2293 Words   |  10 Pagessuch wicked acts?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Serial killers always have aroused the curiosity and concern of the public. People seem to be both fascinated and repulsed by their horrendous crimes. The stories make newspaper headlines, and their gruesome murders are the subject of popular movies and best-selling books. In this paper, I will discuss what causes a human being to become a serial killer. Although social scientists have developed many theories to explain the mind of a serial killer, the scientific evidenceRead MoreInside the Mind of a Serial Killer Essays1049 Words   |  5 PagesInside Thy Mind: A Psychological Study of the Minds of Men and Women Serial Killers Barbie Sharp Psy 250 A02 Dr. Toby Arquette Argosy University Abstract What are underling factors that contribute to the psychological profile of men and women serial killers? This paper examines scientific and meta-analysis studies of men and women serial killers in an attempt to identify some of these factors. By investigating psychologicalRead MoreThe Mind and Motivation of a Serial Killer Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesThe mind and motivation of a serial killer Serial killers tend to be white heterosexual males in their twenties and thirties, who are sexually dysfunctional and have low self-esteem. Serial killers generally murder strangers with cooling off periods in between each murder. Serial killers are twisted in nature. Some return to the place the murder happened or the gravesite to fantasize about their deeds. Serial killers have made many excuses for their killings and behavior such as: Henry LucasRead More The Mind and Motivation of a Serial Killer Essay772 Words   |  4 Pages The mind and motivation of a serial killer nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Serial killers tend to be white heterosexual males in their twenties and thirties, who are sexually dysfunctional and have low self-esteem. Serial killers generally murder strangers with cooling off periods in between each murder. Serial killers are twisted in nature. Some return to the place the murder happened or the gravesite to fantasize about their deeds. Serial killers have made many excuses for their killings and behavior

An Anonymous Identity Through Online Social Media...

MDIA 103 Final Essay Name: Fiona Jessup Student Number: 300355186 Tutor: Richard Shepherd Due Date: June 15, 2015 Word Count: 2257 Research Question: â€Å"Why are people, particularly college and high school students, so attracted to the idea of constructing an anonymous identity through online social media platforms, like Yik Yak?† Online social networks have become increasingly populated arenas for much of today’s population, especially with regards to high school and college students. Networks such as Facebook, Tumblr, Instagram, Vine, Twitter, etc., enable users to create an identity and present it to others by allowing them to share various aspects of their lives. Because individuals select their own content, the resulting representation can be either a true or imaginative reflection of the user. The attitudes, perspectives, behaviours and actions each individual chooses to present, shape their identity within the social media universe. Like most other web-based content, the pursuit of authenticity is assumed to be at the heart of these social media networks, playing an impor tant role in our online interactions and our decisions about what web content we believe to be reliable. But, what about when the network structure allows users to create, post, and interact with anonymous identities? Anonymity eliminates the need decipher authenticity, however, it creates an issue by protecting the negative actions of empowered users. Why are people, particularly college and highShow MoreRelatedBullying Vs Cyber Bullying Essay2021 Words   |  9 Pagescyberbullying is quickly becoming more common than the traditional playground bullying, as more social media are appealing to teens. Cyberbullying is a type of bullying that happens using electronic devices such as phones, laptops, and tablets. This form of bullying includes spreading rumours, sending mean and hurtful messages and sharing embarrassing videos or photos. Cyberbullying over social media has become extremely easy for bullies to victimize other teenagers affecting the victim’s mental

Inclusive Education and Training for Angelides -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInclusive Education and Training for Panyotis Angelides. Answer: Introduction Panyotis Angelides is an important scholar known for his contributions in the field of inclusive education. He is currently the professor and rector of University of Nicosia and has authored numerous books on the themes of inclusive and intercultural education. Angelides has discussed on the political history and political climate of Greece to make the understanding on education and inclusive policies in schools a more insightful and engaging discussion. Greece has maintained a balance between being Euro-centric and ethno-centric. He argues that the issues of citizenship and geo-politics influence the subjects to be taught at school, school curriculum and the pedagogical canon. The project of modern education is largely white, westernized, promotes the values of nationalism and Euro-centrism rather than adhering to multi-cultural values (Angelides, 2005). Therefore, the knowledge that is imparted to the students caters to the interests of the mainstream population and excludes the et hnic minorities. Drawing on the arguments of Ainscow et al., (2006), the paper commences with the connotations of inclusive education and follows it up with the documentation of Angelides work on collaborative artmaking. It is found that this technique has significance in reducing the effects of marginalization faced by children. The next section of the paper discusses on the different literature of Angelides on interculturalism, exclusion and inclusion, education system in Cyprus and the efforts of the state, teachers, peer-groups and the concerned students in response to marginalization and exclusion. What is inclusive education? The term inclusion has two different connotations. The descriptive connotation of inclusion indicates that the ways in which inclusion is used in our everyday life. On the other hand, the prescriptive connotation of inclusion indicates the ways concepts are used. The term inclusiveness has different implications for different countries. This philosophy is not limited to the placement or positioning of children with special needs in the special schools. It is also concerned with the effective and sustainable education of children under the special education programs. Special education is understood as the ways in which schools respond to the students as autonomous individuals who possess the right to education. According to Ainscow et al., (2006), inclusion embodies a set of values that emboldens all the learners to overcome the barriers experienced in the attainment of education. These barriers and hurdles include underachievement, marginalization and exclusion. They are of the view that traditionally literature on inclusion has a myopic understanding of the concept and are solely concerned with the special needs of children. However, in the present understanding of inclusion it has taken on a broader dimension as it addresses the aspects of nationality, language, ethnicity, gender, class composition and race to elucidate on inclusion. Experiences of marginalization can also emerge when children of one school do not wish to socialize with children of another school. Angelides in his paper with Michaelidou, (2009), conducted an interesting study on school children to understand the role of art in neutralizing the effects of marginalization. The universe of study was a multicultural school in Cyprus that comprised of 20 per cent of non-Greek speaking students. The authors found that art has a cathartic value when it comes to alleviating the effects of childrens exclusion in school. The study found that drawings created by children can reveal many unspoken aspects of their lives and help them to release them their experiences of pain. The use of collaborative art-making in the pre-primary school teaching techniques can reduce the impact of marginalization. It also has the capacity to promote participation of children from different cultures. The outcome of this is the access of children to full curriculum, a feeling of being accepted and included within the classroom and the empowerment that comes from decision-making. Collaborative artmaking makes children equal partners alongside their peers. Therefore, collaborative art-making combined with different kinds of innovative teaching techniques can reduce the experience of marginalization for the students from the marginal group. This method brings the students closer to one another, disintegrates the power structures and helps them see the problems of the others. In other words, collaborative artmaking is a step in the direction of empathetic education. The authors believe that this technique has cross-cultural value and can be replicated in other schools across the globe. This technique has the potential to make the outsiders feel as part of the group without ruining the core values of the classroom. Intercultural and inclusive education: Role of state, teachers and students Despite the popular view that the school are egalitarian spaces, studies have shown that the school space, pedagogy and the curriculum design can be replete with discrimination and exclusion. Cyprus has a special law. According to the provisions of this law, children with special needs should be provided with special education. The authors have explored the different ways in which the multiple stakeholders treat the children in special unit. Many governments all over the world have been involved in intensifying the efforts for integrating children who have special needs in the context of the neighbourhood schools. In Cyprus, the government has shown a proactive approach in integrating special children with the mainstream society. This can be manifested in the Education Act for children who have special needs that outline the statutory framework for the educational needs of children with special needs. Children with special needs have special unit which is a class that exists in a mai nstream school. These special needs cater to the special requirements of the children with special needs. The children for whom the program has been devised and implemented are children with serious problems (Angelides, 2012). Numbers of students who are part of these special units are five per class. The special units in the classroom address the following issues. The ways in which special unit function their programmes, children and staff of the organization, the degree to which their function is in consonance with the ethos of inclusive education and the way in which children feel about their environment. Inclusion is often conflated with the term integration. The term integration refers to the efforts of the able-bodied people for the disabled people according to their standards and the conditions. On the other hand, the term inclusion refers to bringing a marginalized group or individual to the mainstream section of the society (Angelides, Aravi, 2007). It further refers to a collective endeavour to bring an end to discrimination and provide equal opportunities for all the students. The objective of inclusive schools is to establish a system that includes all the students and ensure that everyones needs are met. Scholars have argued that inclusion and exclusion are part of participation and marginalization in the context of race, gender, sexuality, class, unemployment and poverty along with the traditional roles played by the school. Schools help children to attain education and tame their deviant behaviour. In Cyrus, the education system is completely centralized. The Ministry of Education is entrusted with the responsibility of designing, managing and controlling the curriculum, the resources and textbooks that are to be distributed. The Ministry in association with the inspectorate directly exert their control on the school. Teachers are also included in the framework of supervising the special schools (Angelides, Charalambous, Vrasidas, 2004). The p rovision for special school in Cyprus was implemented by in the year 1979. One of the features of this law is that it provisioned that disabled children should be taught in separate schools. However, this law has come under criticism for solely pertaining to the needs of special children. Over the past few years, the government in Cyprus has promoted the spirit of special education. The authors argue that the pervasion of special units and the pattern in which it functions poses challenges for the students (Hajisoteriou Angelides, 2013). Special classes that are targeted for the special children not only keeps them away from socializing in the mainstream society but there is another problem. It leaves room for subjective judgement as well as the possibility of high-handedness. To deal with such situations, the authors propose that the curriculum should be designed that is in conjunction with the curriculum of the mainstream schools. In the Cypriot society, the ideological and the p hilosophical pillars of the new curriculum were published in the year December 2008. According to Angelidas and Hajisoteriou (2013), an educator should listen to the children. Children are important actors and their subjectivity should be tapped in the designing of a curriculum. Studies have shown that children have the potential to act as catalysts in transforming their life chances. Paying attention to the articulations of the children would be helpful in recognizing the factors that pose constraints in the path of inclusion. Research on students understanding of racism will be helpful in understanding the impact of racism on the self-esteem of children. The voices and articulations of children should be taken into account for looking into the school policies and practises for intercultural education. In his study of the intercultural pedagogical practises among the immigrant children in Cyprus, Angelides examines the education policy in the Cyprian context. Angelides contends that interculturalism emphasize on the nature of cultures that represents the duality of commonality and difference in cultures. Interculturalism is premised on the principle of eliminating oppression through empathetic education, promotion of moral consciousness and understanding the experiences of discrimination from the viewpoints of the victims. The MEC (Ministry of Education and Culture) in Cyprus spearheaded ZEP (Zones of Education Policy) with the objective of dealing with functional illiteracy, marginalization present in the school curriculum and the failure of the school in integrating students of the migrant population. The MEC strived to eliminate the monocultural and ethnocentric elements that are present in the Cyprian education. The Ministry was also committed in promoting intercultural ideology that would connect the traditional values of Cyprus with the knowledge from other cultures. It is determined with to eliminate stereotypes from the textbooks and encourage schools to be conducive to the success of students irrespective of the educational background . The aim of schools would be to promote education that upholds the principle of human dignity. A school should be a be a bastion that do not exclude children from the pursuit of education based on their cultural identities. Coming over to the agentic role played by children in the sphere of classroom, children define intercultural classroom spaces as those that promote collaborative learning, learning of different languages and a classroom that is culturally responsive to the diverse population. Immigrant children in Cyprus believe that classroom becomes an important space for spreading awareness about the different identities along with the sharing of intercultural knowledge. The children believed that classroom spaces that celebrates the cultural differences and have porous boundaries would definitely promote interculturalism. The role of the teachers becomes important in promoting the spirit of interculturalism. Teachers in the schools of Cyprus take the upper hand to ease the cultural tensions that may emerge during the interaction between the native students and the immigrant students (Angelides, Stylianou Leigh, 2004). Students sometimes felt alienated in expressing themselves to their peers and such students expect the teachers to play the role of a mediator and help them with the situation. Studying and participating in culturally heterogeneous environment becomes a fodder for better communication nad problem solving. Collaborative learning encourages the native students to understand their immigrant counterparts better and help them with their everyday problems. However, language barrier can pose as a major constraint and therefore, it is important to revise and reformulate policies pertaining to multiculturalism. However, the present intercultural policies have been empowering for the immigrant st udents as they felt they were not mere receivers of knowledge but also had a more substantial role. Angelides argue that teachers should collect feedback from students and listen to their experiences of acculturation. These knowledge would enable the teachers for seeking better ways to promote intercultural education and upheld the principle of inclusion (Hajisoteriou Angelides, 2015). To promote inclusion, children should be placed in groups based on their ethnicity, language, style of interaction and different set of skills possessed by them. Collaborative techniques would reduce prejudice about foreign students and at the same time foster mutually responsive tasks. Teacher should take account of the suggestions of students and promote teamwork. Continuing the discussions on the role of teachers, Angelides, (2014) in his study of the role of teachers found that teachers, who are part of schools that comprises of disabled children, have to exert extra efforts. It is argued by the author, that the government needs to be more supportive in terms of resources for these teachers. Teachers in order to provide quality education should be given adequate support (Angelides, Stylianou Gibbs, 2006). Instead of allocating all responsibilities on a single teacher, more teachers should be appointed to make the task less cumbersome. Teachers should be provided with escort assistants who would cater to the requirements of the special children. The Ministry of Education needs to adopt community-oriented approach that would aid the teachers in providing education to the children with special needs. Learning is a participatory and collaborative process and the role of teachers is quite instrumental in facilitating this mode of education (Ange lides Ainscow, 2000). Multidimensional learning and group-oriented learning would be useful transforming the contemporary nature of education. Angelides and Gibbs, (2006), have found that there is efficiency when teachers work with vignettes. The term vignettes refer to the hypothetical person who comprises of all the characteristics of a real student the teacher would deal with in the future teacher-student interaction. The methodological advantage off using vignettes is that is characterized by communal enquiry and collaborative understanding. It attempts to integrate the various stakeholders in imparting of education like the school, policy makers, academicians and researchers. This method allows the teachers to reflect on their mode of teaching and continuously improvise on it (Evagorou, et al., 2014). Another advantage of using the vignette method by the teachers is that it enables to make a sense of the complexities of the school communities. And engage in better practises th at would develop the organization of the school. Hajisoteriou, Neophytou and Angelides (2015), in their study of the high-level officers attitude towards intercultural education in Cyprus found that they believe in the essence of equality, mutual respect and justice forming the crux of intercultural education. They believe intercultural education upholds the values of human spirit and democracy. Curriculum is understood to be a cultural and social construction. Curriculum designing is representative of the design of spaces of learning. The human agency that is involved in the construction of the curriculum is important to achieve the objectives of the curriculum. The design of the curriculum reveals the politics and social location of the people in charge of the tasks. The authors are of the opinion that autonomy of the teachers should not be the goal of the curriculum but rendering students the autonomy to participate in the decision-making should be the greater objective. There is an imperative to adopt the curriculum as a praxis approach. This approach would question the existing curriculum structure and promote a more ethical and inclusive curriculum structure. Not just countries like Greece but the leading powers of the world like united Kingdom have similar problems in schools. For example, gender, ethnic and class stratification are key issues that plague schools in UK (Angelides, Vrasidas Charalambous, 2007). It is ironical keeping in mind the diverse population of UK and the financial support it receives to improve its education system. It has been identified that the garb of neoliberal policies in United Kingdom exacerbates the exclusion of the ethnic minorities. There is a relationship between the educational attainment of minority children and the factors that impede their educational attainment. The Black students face several kinds of disadvantages and so as the Muslim minorities in UK. Family, lineage of the family, peer group and teachers together play an important role in the educational attainment of the child. Similarly, Muslims are the most vulnerable when it comes to the discrimination and exclusion in education (Faas, Haj isoteriou Angelides, 2014). Right wing and conservative leaders exploit this fear of the citizens and entrench their vote banks. In the wake of the Muslim students who have to bear the burden. They are either looked upon with suspicion due to their distinctive identity or they have to maintain the image of a victim in crisis. cartoon crisis in Denmark, growing fear of terrorism and the islamophobia, it is the minority. According Stalker, (2002), the working class, marginalized immigrant Muslim boys are represented as economic burden to the developed nations and at the same time encroaching on the employment opportunities of the citizens. Therefore, they are perpetually viewed as outsiders who are infringing on the interests of the country. Attempts at making hijab an unacceptable dresscode in schools are some of the attempts to otherize the Muslims and exclude them from the educational sphere. In this light, Irelands stand on hijab in schools underlines an inclusive policy by adopt ing a liberal framework. Studies have shown that peer group support plays a significant role in reducing the effects of exclusion or eliminating exclusion. Tracking system in primary school education and early streaming have been recognized as contributing towards exclusion. Conclusion The above discussion focuses on important issues of inclusive education, interculturalism and marginalization. Inclusive education can be achieved by understanding the dimensions and nuances of the term. The issue of marginalization faced by children is not limited to the context of Cyprus but is also evident in countries like UK and France. Marginalization can lead to a feeling of insecurity, alienation and exclusion from the space of classroom. To reduce the effects of marginalization, inclusive education policy should be the goal. For this, teachers, students, school authority and academicians all need to participate in a collaborative process. There is a need to understand the problems faced by the marginalized students from their perspectives and include them in transforming their condition. It s found that teachers play a crucial role in reducing the implications of marginalization and therefore, they should be sensitized to deal with the situation. Listening to the experiences of the marginalized students and engaging in collaborative artmaking can be important steps in promoting interculturalism and inclusiveness in the educational sphere. References Ainscow, M., Booth, T., Dyson, A. (2006).Improving schools, developing inclusion. Routledge. Angelides, P., Ainscow, M. (2000). Making sense of the role of culture in school improvement.School effectiveness and school improvement,11(2), 145-163. Angelides*, P., Charalambous, C., Vrasidas, C. (2004). Reflections on policy and practice of inclusive education in pre?primary schools in Cyprus.European Journal of Special Needs Education,19(2), 211-223. Angelides, P., Stylianou, T., Leigh, J. (2004). Reflections on Policy and Practice in Multicultural Education in Cyprus.International Journal of Educational Policy, Research, and Practice: Reconceptualizing Childhood Studies,5(2), 61-85. Angelides, P. (2005). The Missing Piece of the Puzzle Called.International Journal of Special Education,20(2), 32-35. Angelides, P., Stylianou, T., Gibbs, P. (2006). Preparing teachers for inclusive education in Cyprus.Teaching and teacher education,22(4), 513-522. Angelides, P., Gibbs, P. (2006). Supporting the continued professional development of teachers through the use of vignettes.Teacher Education Quarterly,33(4), 111-121. Angelides, P., Vrasidas, C., Charalambous, C. (2007). Teachers' Practice as a Marginalization Factor in the Process for Inclusive Education in Cyprus.Journal of the International Association of Special Education,8(1). Angelides, P., Aravi, C. (2007). The development of inclusive practices as a result of the process of integrating deaf/hard of hearing students.European Journal of Special Needs Education,22(1), 63-74. Angelides, P., Michaelidou, A. (2009). Collaborative artmaking for reducing marginalization.Studies in Art Education,51(1), 36-49. Angelides, P. (2012). Forms of leadership that promote inclusive education in Cypriot schools.Educational Management Administration Leadership,40(1), 21-36. Evagorou, M., Albe, V., Angelides, P., Couso, D., Chirlesan, G., Evans, R. H., ... Nielsen, J. A. (2014). Preparing pre-service science teachers to teach socio-scientific (SSI) argumentation.Science Teacher Education,69(39-48). Faas, D., Hajisoteriou, C., Angelides, P. (2014). Intercultural education in Europe: Policies, practices and trends.British Educational Research Journal,40(2), 300-318. Hajisoteriou, C., Angelides, P. (2013). The politics of intercultural education in Cyprus: Policy-making and challenges.Education Inquiry,4(1), 103-123. Hajisoteriou, C., Angelides, P. (2015). Listening to childrens voices on intercultural education policy and practice.International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education,28(1), 112-130. Stalker, P. (2002). Migration trends and migration policy in Europe.International migration,40(5), 151-179.

Stonehenge Essays (1568 words) - Stonehenge, Henges,

Stonehenge Stonehenge Stonehenge is one of the worlds best known monuments of the ancient times. Stonehenge stood for over five thousand years, and still we do not know the full use of this mysterious arrangement of stones. Stonehenge remains asan ancient monument that still propose mysteries to it origin and purpose. At first, scientists had no clue as to who built Stonehenge. The Romans, Egyptians, and the Phoenicians were all suggested to have been a possible creator of Stonehenge. Later study proved that none of these cultured built Stonehenge. The truth of Stonehenge is that three different cultures contributed to this megalithic monument. The first group began construction around 3100 B.C.. Neolithic herdsmen began the first step in the construction of Stonehenge. The first part of this monument began as a modest circular ditch. Within this circle 56 holes were dug. These hole, later named Aubrey Holes after their discoverer, presented mysteries to scientists for years. These strange holes served two purposes. The first, and more important reason, is that these holes acted as a lunar calender. The moon has a cycle for it's eclipses. Once a lunar eclipse occurs, another will not happen for nineteen years. After those nineteen years, the moon will, once again, eclipse. The next, and final, eclipse of this cycle occurs eighteen years after the previous eclipse. These years add up to be fifty-six. Scientists believe that a stone was placed in one hole in the circle. Each year, the stone would be moved to the next hole. This way the ancient people could keep track of the moon. The other reason has a morbid side to it. In some of the Aubrey holes, remains of humans were discovered. These remains were first cremated, then put into the holes. This suggests that Stonehenge could have acted as a burial site, and possibly a temple in which human sacrifices were made. None of these theories have been proven, but these reasons are the only feasible explanation to these holes. The second period is that which the most data can be found on. The second period began at about 2100B.C.. The Beaker people, a group which worshiped the sun, added to the monument it's first large stones. The first thing done is that any of the stones that were already there were removed. Next, thirty large stones were brought to the site. The stones, each weighing well over five tons, were to act as the pillars of the new monument. These stones were called the Sarsen Stones, stemming from what they are made of. These stones, however, are only two-thirds above ground. The other third is buried to keep the huge pillar from toppling over. The Beaker people created two concentric circles, the inner circle measuring seventy four meters in diameter, and the outer circle eighty six meters. The outer circle was later named the Sarsen Circle. The inner circle was never completed, and no one has any evidence as to why. It appears that they just stopped, without cleaning up or removing any of the old stones. Some speculate that the project was to large that it seemed insurmountable the Beaker people. The third period began at about 1550 B.C.. The Wesset culture was going to add their touch to the growing monument. The Wesset culture decided to dismantle the work of the Beaker people, but decided on a similar design. They decided to construct a circle around the same point the Beaker people used for their circle. On top of each pillar, however, a large rectangular stone was placed, with each side resting on neighboring pillars. This created a continuous circle all around the monument. Instead of a smaller circle within the larger circle, the Wesset culture placed a simple horse-shoe. The horse-shoe, just as the large circle, was capped with large rectangular stones. "Given the distance they had to travel, this presented quite a transportation problem."(Lacy, www.britannia.com/travel/magical/magic12.htm). The problem of getting the stones to the building site was large enough to stop most people from even attempting such a project. There were to ways used to deliver the massive stones to the building site. The first was by land. Giant carts were constructed to carry the smaller stones. The stones were loaded on the cart and pulled eighty-five miles to Stonehenge. This method would not work for the larger stones as a large enough cart could not be made. For these stones, a wooden raft was made, and they were sent down a nearby river. From the banks of the river it was a short distance to Stonehenge. Placing the stones took some thinking. First, a five foot deep pit was

Gwen Harwood Critical Study Essay Example

Gwen Harwood Critical Study Essay Example Gwen Harwood Critical Study Paper Gwen Harwood Critical Study Paper An Australian poet who, seems to develop an imaginative, rich form of poetry through the use of recurring themes. Complex language techniques and even further through the use of sophisticated structures only seen in the most prestigious of poems in the modern era. Gwen Hardwood has a tendency to write poetry that is significant in all eras, cultures and/or societies of the world as she captures, and develops them Into a strong universal theme that recurs strongly. These themes seem to endure, and portray the human experience by relating these in forms that resonate through a range of various environments; these poems have n immense structural integrity. These themes are depicted powerfully in poems such as; Father and Child, Violets the 2 poems that I have chosen to discuss In this speech. In the Father and child, It has a unique structure of 2 parts; the 1st (Barn Owl) discusses her loss of innocence in the daughters perspective in the past, the second part (Nightfall) Being the downfall to her father, how he is put in an degenerative state, slowly falling to his demise. : This is to do with Gwen accepting the Inevitability of her fathers death. These 2 poems can be read symbiotically in a dual tauter to provide further insight into both their poems, or separately as a poem. The language in the first poem is quite unique. It highlights the use of very simple words, with little complexity, this can be interpreted to show the innocence that the child still possesses, as children (better yet an Innocent child) are meant to speak with less complexity than a full grown adult. These sentences also tend to be monosyllabic. l knew my prize, who swooped home at this hour are all monosyllabic. As the poem continues, especially after the owl is shot, the childs vocabulary seems to improve in impolitely, losing Its monosyllabic nature. This can symbolize the loss of Innocence that the child had experienced by killing the owl senselessly. Gwen also uses many biblical allusions in this poem. One portraying the child, in an evil fashion, maybe even demonically. A horny fiend, I crept. This image is then juxtaposed by the line a child/Obedient, angel-mild. This shows that she Is generally a good person but she has the potential to commit evil act. Just as eve; from the biblical story of Adam and Eve. She reinforces the idea of her father being God, and eve going behind her father o seek power, Just as Eve did when she bit into the apple for intelligence. As the owl Is also considered to be symbolically wise, it can be interpreted that the owl is also the fruit from the forbidden tree as In the story of Adam and Eve. The snake (Satan). Convinces Eve to eat from the tree, as it would make her eternally wise; which would allow her to grow in power, Just as the child had believed that killing the owl would allow her to grow in power. The poem seems to also state that she is the master of life and death and she Isnt referred to as a mistress, In a literal sense, It refers to her s a male, even though she is a female. This helps promote the idea that she losses some of her femininity. The second part to the poem also refers to it as nightfall this creates significance by also further enticing the idea that her father is slowly passing away and that she realizes that there Is not much time left. These themes combined all portray the idea of a recurring theme, the recurring theme that has made this poem so influential through many generations and views, a theme that resides in all 1 OFF The violets is the triggering of a memory after the subtle act of picking up a violet. This poems language structure is quite unique, it utilizes going from the present to past tense repetitively recollecting past experience the user has been through continuously making further sense of the present. The memories that are conjured are of happiness, she does develop a feeling of change or emptiness, further enhancing the recurring theme of loss. The reader uses 1st person to fully capture the personality of the experience she writes about. As the writer has lost these experience in the present day, she still has vivid memory of the past, in which she wishes to keep secure this is shown in the line frail melancholy flowers as the lowers is what triggered the memory, she refers to them as frail, that can be easily damaged, this is why she wishes for the security of them. She is afraid of the loss of these memories. Wheres morning gone? Is a line that further emphasizes her innocence, or in the bigger picture; her loss of innocence. As a child she asks, Wheres morning gone personifying time, or the morning. Instead of simply understanding, the fact that she has slept her way through the day. This can also refer to the interpretation that she feels as if she had metaphorically slept her way wrought life, but it can also be interpreted as the loss of innocence, as she had Just let her childhood float away. By revisiting this memory, the child persona further establishes the inevitability of death, Just as she had done in Father and Child She realizes that time will not stop for anybody, this can be depicted by the line Years cannot move Gwen Hardwood, as recently stated uses these recurring themes and language techniques to create structurally sounds poems that resonate throughout various societies and shall continue to by the consistent use of universal themes. Thank you.

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

Case Study - Essay Example Following this we will list 5 specific strategies you would use to deal with this issue and discuss how office productivity by implementing this strategies. Malaysia is a conservative and predominately Muslim country in which patriarchy and deference to authority remain important priorities. From a cultural perspective, Farah may be resistant to say something from her supervisor due to the fact that male touching is inappropriate in her context. Thus, in Malaysia it would be highly inappropriate for a male supervisor to touch a female colleague and in Farah’s case this is what she is experiencing. Farah is also a Muslim which makes the inter-sexual mingling even more taboo. Because her society is conservatively minded, this is the third reason which may account for Farah’s resistance to her boss’ comments and unwanted attention. Due to the fact that Malaysian society is patriarchal, Farah, as a woman, may feel uncomfortable approaching her male supervisor and telling him that his behavior is unwarranted. Finally, because Malaysian society is conservative and hierarchal in nature, Farah will not feel as though she ca n approach her supervisor and let him know that she does not appreciate his behavior. As a woman coming from a society in which male to female touching is not appropriate in a business context, Farah may thus feel uncomfortable discussing her problems with her supervisor. What are the important strategies which can be used to deal with issues surrounding intercultural miscommunication in an office setting? There are a variety of measures which can be undertaken in order to mitigate the fallout from Farah’s unwanted touching by a male supervisor. First and foremost this involves speaking with the supervisor directly and letting him know that touching female colleagues, no matter how friendly, can be

The Cold War and the Concept of American Citizenship Essay

The Cold War and the Concept of American Citizenship - Essay Example At the same time, the growth in power of the Stalinist USSR and the concerns with respect to the future of the world order after the decline of old European powers (Britain included) led the U.S. to intervene much more actively in the internal affairs of their partner (and satellite) states, contributing to the rise of anti-imperialist and anti-militarist mentality among the wide sectors of the American population. These two developments led directly to the transformation of the concept of American citizenship, which was now considered to be both a sign of super-power entitlement and a stigma connected with the U.S. ‘imperialist’ designs. In general, the end of WWII was met with immense jubilation by the U.S. public, as it was believed that the end of hostilities would bring about the new prosperity. However, already in 1946, the Fulton Speech by British statesmen Winston Churchill signified that the Western powers were to confront the Soviet opposition in the post-WWII settlement of the globe. Thus a picture of the new global rift emerged that pitted the USA against the allegedly ‘merciless’ Soviet communists. This generally Manichean worldview found its most visible expression in the McCarthyist campaign of anti-communist hysteria that was accompanied with veritable persecution of all alleged supporters of the Communist Party of the USA. Within a McCarthyist discourse, such individuals were regarded as traitors to not only the U.S. Federal government, but to a very ‘American Way of Life’ that was to be considered sacrosanct by all citizens. This inherently conservative interpretation focused on such symbols as private property, freedom of religion and free enterprise to rally the opponents of Soviet Communism around the visage of the American national identity. In this way, the American civic patriotism became increasingly associated with the notions of economic liberalism and social and political conservatism, which wer e now to co-exist in a potentially uneasy synthesis. It is characteristic that McCarthyist paid specific attention to the notions of citizenship, as disloyal elements, potentially of European migrant descent, were to be deprived of their American citizenship, if considered ‘un-American’. The activities of a famed House Committee for Un-American Activities (HUAC) may be considered an epitome of McCarthyist efforts to bring about such an outcome for their ideological opponents. Nevertheless, the McCarthyist project for the revamping of the American cultural and civic identity, with the subsequent de-liberalization of the American political culture, was bound to failure, as the significant segments of the American political elite were loath to allow the conservatives to monopolize the political agenda of the nation. The dismissal of McCarthy and the discrediting of his supporters meant that the U.S. elite were to move in direction of the socially liberal policies that were tried in the New Deal period. Both Eisenhower and Kennedy may be regarded as the consistent promoters of such a course, notwithstanding all understandable differences in their internal and foreign policies. The late 1950s saw the gradual de-emphasizing of the geo-political confrontation with the USSR, as the level of anxiety and concern with the Soviet threat began to subside after the death of Stalin and especially after the effective end of the Korean War. These two developments, together with the end of the post-WWII economic reconstruction and the definite beginning of an era of consumer spending and individual prosperity that was not seen and even imaginable in previous decades, helped re-define the concept of American citizens

Differences Between Pr and Advertising Essay Example for Free

Differences Between Pr and Advertising Essay Differences Between Advertising and Public Relations Advertising vs. public relations, these two industries are very different even though theyre commonly confused as being one and the same. The following ten properties just scratch the surface of the many differences between advertising and public relations. 1. Paid Vs Free Coverage * Advertising: The company pays for ad space. You know exactly when that ad will air or be published. For Example: Infosys gives an ad in The Hindu on Wednesdays in the Opportunities column. So it has the liberty and control to opt whether they want to give the ad on a particular Wednesday or not depending on their requirement. * Public Relations: Your job is to get free publicity for the company. From news conferences to press releases, youre focused on getting free media exposure for the company and its products/services. For Example: Tata Nano is the best example of this. Till now Nano was not advertised and all its publicity is through PR. 2. Creative Control Vs. No Control * Advertising: Since youre paying for the space, you have creative control on what goes into that ad. Any feature of the ad can be designed according to the way you want to portray the image of your company. For Example: Close-up portrays a youthful image through its advertisements, whereas Cadbury (which earlier had largely targeted the youth) has shifted its focus and now projects its chocolate as something for the whole family to enjoy during times of rejoicing. * Public Relations: You have no control over how the media presents (or misrepresents) information about your organization. For Example: Reliance did not have a control over the news which was published regarding the conflict between Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani and had to pay for it in form of loss in the share price (initially). 3. Shelf Life * Advertising: Since you pay for the space, you can run your ads over and over for as long as your budget allows. An ad generally has a longer shelf life than one press release. * Public Relations: You generally submit a press release about a new product once. You only submit a press release about a news conference once. The PR exposure you receive is only circulated once. An editor wont publish your same press release three or four times in their magazine. 4. Wise Consumers * Advertising: Consumers know when theyre reading an advertisement theyre trying to be sold a product or service. The consumer understands that we have paid to present our selling message to him or her, and unfortunately, the consumer often views the selling message very guardedly. * Public Relations: When someone reads a third-party article written about your product or views coverage of your event on TV, theyre seeing something you didnt pay for and view it differently than they do paid advertising. Where we can generate some sort of third-party endorsement by independent media sources, we can create great credibility for our clients products or services. 5. Creativity * Advertising: In advertising, you get to exercise your creativity in creating new ad campaigns and materials. Some jingles in the ad have a long bonding with the product. Few Examples: Surf comes with a series of new ads from time to time. Britannia’s jingle is well remembered and is branded even in its website. * Public Relations: In public relations, you have to have a nose for news and be able to generate buzz through that news. You exercise your creativity, to an extent, in the way you search for new news to release to the media. For Example: Apple iPhone is an example of this. Apple created a huge buzz in the market exercising creativity to and extend and the result was a huge demand for the Iphone much before its release date. 6. Target Audience or Hooked Editor * Advertising: Youre looking for your target audience and advertising accordingly. You wouldnt advertise a womens TV network in a male-oriented sports magazine. * Public Relations: You must have an angle and hook editors to get them to use info for an article, to run a press release or to cover your event. . 7. Special Events * Advertising: If your company sponsors an event, you wouldnt want to take out an ad giving yourself a pat on the back for being such a great company. This is where your PR department steps in. Public Relations: If youre sponsoring an event, you can send out a press release and the media might pick it up. They may publish the information or cover the event. 8. Writing Style * Advertising: Buy this product! Act now! Call today! These are all things you can say in an advertisement. You want to use those buzz words to motivate people to buy your product. * Public Relations: Youre strictly writing in a no-nonsense news format. Any bl atant commercial messages in your communications are disregarded by the media.

Television in the Information Age Essay -- TV Media Technology Essays

Television in the Information Age Introduction Television. Most Americans today cannot imagine life without it. It is how we relax, laugh, learn, and stay up to date on current events. The inventors of television may not have realized the impact of combining sound with moving pictures. For the first time in the history of the world we were and are able to peek into the lives of people we will never meet and visit places we will never go. It has even changed the way we communicate with each other in our everyday lives! Who has not heard or used the phrase coined by the sitcom, Seinfield, â€Å"†¦not that there’s anything wrong with that†¦.†? This analysis will first examine the origins of television and the evolution of television technology throughout the years. Next, it will examine the current trends within the industry, and how our government has shaped these trends, the companies that are involved in the industry, and finally, the future of television in the new sub-age of the Infor mation Age, the Digital Age. History The Information Age has its origins in the late nineteenth century when people began to see a need for ways to communicate large amounts of information to large numbers of people over a large geographical area quickly and accurately. Each Information Age invention acted as a catalyst for the next innovation, which without fail was an improvement upon its predecessor. This continuous improvement was made possible by constant research and discovery in the sciences, which enabled the development of new technologies crucial to the advancement of the objectives of the Information Age. The invention of the radio caused scientists to begin thinking about a way to develop an infor... ...result in the inseparable linkage of the two technologies. In the process of this linkage the TV in the traditional sense will start looking more and more like a computer. When this process is complete, the analog TV may have to step down from its position as the most influential Information Age invention to date and hand its â€Å"title† on to the computer. Forty years from now children may not even know what an analog TV is or how they work save what they read in a school history textbook. Computers have infiltrated nearly every area of life in general including medicine, transportation, art, music, -the list is endless, and therefore, its infiltration of TV is not surprising. For more information about the history, evolution, mechanisms, technology, marketplace, or future of TV and current trends in the industry please see this analysis’ supplemental links. Television in the Information Age Essay -- TV Media Technology Essays Television in the Information Age Introduction Television. Most Americans today cannot imagine life without it. It is how we relax, laugh, learn, and stay up to date on current events. The inventors of television may not have realized the impact of combining sound with moving pictures. For the first time in the history of the world we were and are able to peek into the lives of people we will never meet and visit places we will never go. It has even changed the way we communicate with each other in our everyday lives! Who has not heard or used the phrase coined by the sitcom, Seinfield, â€Å"†¦not that there’s anything wrong with that†¦.†? This analysis will first examine the origins of television and the evolution of television technology throughout the years. Next, it will examine the current trends within the industry, and how our government has shaped these trends, the companies that are involved in the industry, and finally, the future of television in the new sub-age of the Infor mation Age, the Digital Age. History The Information Age has its origins in the late nineteenth century when people began to see a need for ways to communicate large amounts of information to large numbers of people over a large geographical area quickly and accurately. Each Information Age invention acted as a catalyst for the next innovation, which without fail was an improvement upon its predecessor. This continuous improvement was made possible by constant research and discovery in the sciences, which enabled the development of new technologies crucial to the advancement of the objectives of the Information Age. The invention of the radio caused scientists to begin thinking about a way to develop an infor... ...result in the inseparable linkage of the two technologies. In the process of this linkage the TV in the traditional sense will start looking more and more like a computer. When this process is complete, the analog TV may have to step down from its position as the most influential Information Age invention to date and hand its â€Å"title† on to the computer. Forty years from now children may not even know what an analog TV is or how they work save what they read in a school history textbook. Computers have infiltrated nearly every area of life in general including medicine, transportation, art, music, -the list is endless, and therefore, its infiltration of TV is not surprising. For more information about the history, evolution, mechanisms, technology, marketplace, or future of TV and current trends in the industry please see this analysis’ supplemental links.

The Relationship between Gender and Modernism/Postmodernism

In late XIX – early XX century a total crisis gripped various areas of life – economy, politics and culture. However, the ideological ferment minds, lack of confidence in the future, premonition close historical and social change, although anxiety filled the souls of men, but encouraged to seek new ideals of life and creativity. Artists tried to find new forms adequate to reflect changes that had occurred primarily in human consciousness, and reach a new level of artistic creation values as they didn’t perceive the romanticism and realism means.Art of the first half of XX century primarily determines such things as decadence and modernism. Among many modernist writers, I would like to mention Ibsen and O ‘Conner, whose works are a reflection of real life and social problems. The status of women in society and family is considered to be one of these problems (Burgess 153). Henrik Ibsen is Norwegian playwright, whose work is considered the crowning achievemen t of so-called â€Å"middle-class drama†, which fell on the flowering of the XVIII century. However, he is considered the creator of the foundations of â€Å"new drama† – a new path in the development of world drama.What was a new Ibsen’s approach to reality? Ibsen was one of the first playwrights, who had shown a new society by making stress on the tragedy of human life not in individual acts of negative second part, and in life itself. He showed the tragedy of life, debunked the false morality. In the play â€Å"A Doll's House† not only the dream of the playwright about the family and the family comfort was embodied, but also a critical attitude towards society, which does not recognize women's equal rights with men. â€Å"A Doll's House† was an innovative product and the best example of â€Å"new drama†.In addition, it combines realism with modernist form of embodiment. It is also an intellectual and analytical piece, in which ther e is a problem of personality, which seeks to protect his identity, the right to dignity in modern drama society. The end of XIX century was marked by the development of feminist movements. This question provoked strong interest of society and was the subject of disputes in many families. So the play by Ibsen was a response to the requests of time. The focus of the playwright is in the role of women in the family and her status in society.From the first scenes the reader can understand how the author appreciates the comfort of kin, how he admires Nora – a real ideal woman: funny, sweet, and nice. Her children adore her and her husband is satisfied with the tale, illusion of a perfect family. What's wrong with this idyllic picture? Maybe, it's just fantasy, not the authenticity of everything that they see outside. The plays by Ibsen are called â€Å"analytic† not by chance, the author analyzes the problems of the modern family, in which the woman is often not only conqu ered, but does not have the right to vote.While Nora was such a vital playful â€Å"squirrel† for her husband Thorvald, he admired her; he loved his wife and took care of her. Only of her? Probably not. But once it became clear that Nora could do something by her own, she could make her own decision. When she took the money for her husband’s medication everybody saw the real attitude of such a loving husband to his wife. It was a despot who did not bear the thought that his wife has something to solve herself, that she could be responsible for her choices.That's where the subsoil is constructed in the Helmer family (Boyesen 94). The play has become a loud resonance precisely because of the fact that the problem of women's fate, and human was at point that time. When Nora left the family, it was really a shock for society, with its stabilized mind's eye on the role of women in family and society. It was the first time when woman said of her dignity and desire to be a pe rson, not just a beautiful doll for men. A woman does not agree any more with the role of a slave and a housewife.She wants to be on a par with men to live a full life, to love, raise children and feel like a man. This solves the problem of women's rights in the family. Flannery O'Connor is an outstanding American author. The author of â€Å"Gothic† novels and short stories about rural life of the American South, animate the religious fervor and brightly-colored comic strokes. Metaphysical, on what it called â€Å"enlarged† view of the world combined with the full perception of reality. Major trends of her work have identified a zealous Catholic and a disbelief in science, shattering the primordial life.For O'Connor, the image is characterized by unexpected, extreme situations, resulting in acts of violence provoked by the grotesque characters. â€Å"A good man is hard to find† is the most outstanding work of this author which tackles both the author’s vi ews regarding personal transformations and Christianity. The story follows the life of a Christian grandmother who faces various struggles with her family and environment in terms of religion, beliefs, and practices. Many of Flannery O'Connor's characters defy cultural expectations.For example, many of her women are strong, opinionated leaders, while the prevailing culture, especially during O'Connor's lifetime, prized women as nurturing homemakers whose role was to support the decisions and opinions of men. Grandmothers, especially, were expected to follow the lead of their grown sons if there was no grandfather in the house. Men, not women, were the driving decision-makers (at least on the surface) in literature, and generally in society until after World War 2. The mother in this story is the more stereotypical character who is left in her assigned gender role.O'Connor's grandmother character defies the cultural stereotype. She is opinionated and not shy of voicing those opinions on subjects from vacation destinations to proper etiquette for children to current events. She pays attention to the details that others ignore, including the starting mileage of the car and the facial features of The Misfit (O’Connor 48). O Connor's grandmother character is also the one to defend the family during the â€Å"predicament. † Again in traditional gender roles, family protection is the domain of the family patriarch, not one of the women.Yet, in another example of O'Connor's challenge to social norms, it is the elderly woman who stands to defend her family. Both authors in their works paid great attention to the role of a woman in family and in society, her right to take decisive actions, the importance of her personality. The works by Ibsen and O'Conner caused much controversy but they still remained bright representatives of modernism. The topics and problems they discussed in their works are still important and relevant.

Organizational Theory Of Organizational Management

Organizational theory studies the various variables that influence the behavior of an individual(s) working within an organization, but also, â€Å"prescribes how work and workers ought to be organized and attempts to explain the actual consequences of organizational behavior (including individual actions) on work being performed and on the organization itself.† (Milakovich Gordon, 2013, p.145). Of the many approaches to organizational analysis, Classical Organizational theory has been, even to this day, extremely influential by focusing on more formal concepts such as bureaucracy, rationalization and scientific management. Although, over the decades organizational management has taken on a more human relations approach to getting more productivity out of employees, it is contributors like Max Webber, Fredrick Taylor, and Luther Gulick that laid down the basic foundation organizational theories by recognizing the need for control and procedures. Weber’s bureaucratic ap proach focuses on the importance of hierarchy by putting great emphasis on the use of rules, procedures and making impartial personnel decisions when managing. He put great emphasis on the jurisdiction, explaining that work should be â€Å"divided according to type and purpose† staying within the correct working unit just as the organization’s rules and laws would state (Milakovich, et. al., 2013, p. 146). A hierarchy would be established with a chain of command clearly identifying a system of super- andShow MoreRelatedOrganizational and Management Theory1394 Words   |  6 Pages   Organization and Management Analysis HCS/514 Managing in Today’s Health Care Organizations Organizational Theories Organizational theory as it applies to health care introduces a complex and challenging situation. The health care environment introduces challenges to a structured organization which may not be present in traditional business. For example, measuring output may be difficult in an environment of daily uncertainty, it would be nearly impossible to predict or plan for all ofRead MoreOrganizational Theory And Management Theory Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesWhen many of us here the term management, the 1st thing you might think of is being in control of something or someone. In chapter 2 Organizational Theory and Management, it presents administrative and organization theory and behavior relating to the motions comparing to the opportunities of public management. James H. Boren author and founder of the international association of professional bureaucrats in 1970 stated â€Å"When in charge, ponder; when in trouble, delegate†. Frederick Taylor takes fourRead MoreOrganizational Theories and Management Styles1585 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational theories and management styles are key factors in the success of an organization. These theories can determine the structure of the organization by defining the best way to organize and work employees and by helping the organization adapt to its environment. Organizations and managers are unique in their own way; however most organizations and managers can be grouped into categories or types depending on their organizational or management styles. Organizational Theories OrganizationalRead MoreOrganizational Management Approach And Management Theory1708 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Management Approach Analysis Management theories have been long analyzed in search of the most efficient method to achieve the greatest amount of work with the lowest amount of effort. As long as jobs have been worked there has been managers analyzing the efforts and contemplating newer and more efficient techniques to accomplish the work. Management theories have defined the way jobs are completed today. Even some of the oldest management theories still have relevance in today’s workplaceRead MoreManagement, Organizational Behavior, And The Systems Theory963 Words   |  4 PagesManagement Techniques Management has transformed immensely throughout the years as civilization has progressed and acquired more knowledge about how to manage the workforce effectively. The first approaches to management were effective at first but failed to make a long lasting stay in the management world as times changed. It appears that all early tactics often met only one area of the business needs while neglecting the others. It can be hard to find the right balance and then maintain that balanceRead MoreThe Theory Of Organizational Learning And Performance Management Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction With the changing economic climate and the notion of a global market, corporations all over the world grapple with the idea of management learning as it relates to performance management in an effort to remain competitive. Hall and Rowland’s article explores these ideas in great detail that are rooted in a fifteen-year research project. I will analyze their research problem, purpose of the study, research question, method of research, significance of the study and its global implicationsRead MoreManagement Theories And Organizational Leadership2751 Words   |  12 Pagesdiscuss how management theories is used to help managers achieve good organisational leadership and teach them what attributes they should possess to obtain this. Furthermore, will be discussing what may be considered bad or good practice of organisational leadership. This will be done by analysing different management theories defined as â€Å"A collection of ideas which set forth general rules on how to ma nage a business or organization.† (BusinessDictionary.com, n.d.)Management theories speaks aboutRead MoreOrganizational Design : Management And Organization Theory Essay2638 Words   |  11 Pagesbusiness environments are complex due to imposed constantly changing organizational settings. Much focus is on acquiring, motivating and above all retaining the human resources. Employees create sustainable agility and competitive advantage. An organizational design is the strategy or process of creating an organization’s structure and mode of operation. Organization structure is a framework of roles and procedures. An organizational design usually develops a rational model of a formal organizationRead MoreManagement, Organizational Behavior, And Systems Theory1027 Words   |  5 Pages Management is a leadership role of someone who works with resources and people to set and achieve goals to make an organization successful. There are many different approaches to management that a manager might use to help discover any problems and make proper decisions to solve anything that might go wrong. When it comes to contemporary methods there are four ways that a manager might utilize working with people, technology, resources, and the internal and external environments. These include sociotechnicalRead MoreOrganizational Communication Perspectives And Management Theories3365 Words   |  14 Pages Organizational Communication perspectives and management theories Moteab Alsaloum Fairleigh Dickinson University â€Æ' Introduction Human beings are communicative objects; and they cannot know each other without a communication system (Harris, Nelson, 2008). Because of communication systems, human interaction is imperative for surviving and living in secure lives. Harris Nelson (2008) indicate that communication is a way